Of diel cycles and estimation of stream metabolism based on dissolved Of catchment hydrogeological and hydrochemical models, 20, 21 (4) improved estimation of pollutant loads and concentrations toĬomply with statutory requirements, 22, 23 (5) evaluation Patterns, 12− 15 (2) estimation of travel time distributions and identification ofįlow pathways in catchments using tracers, 16− 19 (3) development and validation Relationships to identify solute/particulate mobilization and delivery ApplicationĪreas so far include (1) evaluation of concentration–discharge The effectiveness of water monitoring and management efforts. New insights into mechanistic understanding of abiotic and bioticĬatchment and stream processes which are increasingly used to evaluate Recentĭevelopments in high-frequency water quality measurements have brought Held, in Magdeburg in Germany (2014), Sandbjerg in Denmark (2016),Ĭlonakilty in Ireland (2018), and Uppsala in Sweden (2021). Papers being published each year ( Figure Figure1 1) and four thematic international conferences 11 Since then, the “high-frequency wave” 10 has continuously accelerated with a growing number of scientific Potential of high-frequency water quality measurements was first noted Quality probe was use introduced in 1968 and Turner Model 10 fieldįluorometer in 1973. 9Ĭertain high-frequency water quality measurements have beenįor many decades e.g., Hydrolab’s multiparameter field water Help improve routine water quality monitoring programs, e.g., by indicatingĪppropriate sampling frequencies 1, 2 and locations, 3, 4 making monitoring easier, e.g., through proxies, 5, 6 cheaper, 7 safer, or even possible during extreme events 8 or in remote locations. Unprecedented information on coupling between hydrological, biogeochemical,Īnd ecological processes controlling streamwater quality that can Using traditional low-frequency sampling approaches (weekly to monthly Processes that have been previously unrecognized or underappreciated Thus, high-frequency measurements can identifyįine-scale temporal variation in water quality patterns and underlying
#Hensley et al. hydrological processes 2018 drivers#
Underlying hydrometeorological and biogeochemical drivers and theĪbility to obtain large amounts of water quality data in an automatedĪnd systematic way. Intervals of water quality measurements with the process rates of The main advantages of these technologies is the matching of the sampling In water, spanning sampling intervals from seconds to hours and usingĪ range of automated instruments deployed in situ: autosamplers, electrochemical probes, optical sensors, wet-chemistryĪnalyzers, and lab-on-a-chip tools based on microfluidics and nanotechnology. Measurements facilitate the analysis of dissolved or suspended chemicals Have significantly shifted the state-of-the-art methods in severalĪreas of catchment science, stream hydrochemistry, aquatic ecology,Īnd freshwater and wastewater management. In high-frequency water quality measurements Systems and catchment status, health, and function. Finally, we discuss future directions and challengesįor using high-frequency water quality measurements to bridge scientificĪnd management gaps by promoting a holistic understanding of freshwater Water quality technologies, outline key high-frequency hydrochemicalĭata sets, and review scientific advances in key focus areas enabledīy the rapid development of high-frequency water quality measurements Here, we summarize established and emerging high-frequency Of solutes and particulates in complex catchments and along the aquaticĬontinuum.
Into the sources, transport pathways, and transformation processes Of hydrological and biogeochemical processes, bringing new insights This detailed chemical information can be combined with measurements Of water quality constituents, including both solutes and particulates,Īt unprecedented frequencies from seconds to subdaily sampling intervals. Have expanded in scope and sophistication during the last two decades.Įxisting technology allows in situ automated measurements High-frequency water quality measurements in streams
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